The movie "Contagion," about a deadly global virus epidemic, really interests me. Although it’s fiction and greatly sensationalized for entertainment value, the events are based on reality. We’ve had worldwide pandemics like this before; remember SARS, ebola and the swine flu?

Influenza, or the seasonal flu that usually runs from October through May, is another global outbreak we battle every year. The flu might not cause inevitable death within two days like the virus in "Contagion," but it can have serious effects. Every year, millions of people are hospitalized because of flu complications.

Fortunately, there’s a vaccine available that reduces the flu’s threat. The flu shot is the best way to protect yourself against the flu. It’s safe, effective and easy to get.

There are lots of misconceptions about the flu and flu shot. Here’s what you should know.

What is the flu?

Influenza can cause more than just a sore throat and runny nose. This contagious viral infection can make you very sick and threatens those with weak immune systems with serious complications such as pneumonia, heart attack and stroke.

Flu viruses spread through sneezes and coughs, which when circulated in the air can infect those nearby. People can also become infected by touching objects contaminated by the virus and later touching their eyes, mouth or nose.

Flu symptoms are more severe than the common cold and include fever, headache, extreme fatigue, dry cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle aches and nausea, vomiting or diarrhea (especially in children).

What is a flu shot?

A flu shot contains three inactive viruses selected based on what’s expected to hit during flu season. Since the vaccine doesn’t contain every type of flu virus, it’s still slightly possible to get the flu. Flu shots are effective only for a season, and viruses change every year, so it’s important to get vaccinated annually.

Some doctors might offer a nasal spray flu vaccine for certain people between the ages of 2 and 49.

HMSA plans cover the flu shot at 100 percent for eligible members. Flu shots are available through your doctor or at participating pharmacies. Visit hmsa.com or call 211 for more information.

Who should get a flu shot?

Everyone 6 months of age or older who wants to avoid the flu should get a flu shot, especially those at high risk of serious complications. This includes children, seniors, people with chronic conditions and caregivers of people at high risk.

Who should not get a flu shot?

Infants younger than 6 months; people allergic to chicken eggs; people who developed Guillain-Barre syndrome or had a severe reaction after getting a flu shot in the past; and people sick with a fever. (It’s recommended they wait until symptoms lessen.)

What are possible side effects of the flu shot?

Despite popular belief, the flu shot cannot give you the flu. Since the viruses are dead, they cannot infect you. You might experience a low fever, aches or soreness in the area where the shot was given, but these symptoms are usually brief and mild.

How can I help prevent the flu?

Besides getting a flu shot, take precautions to prevent the spread of viruses and stay healthy:

Cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze. Wash your hands often with soap and warm water or use hand sanitizer. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. Limit contact with others if you feel sick. If you have the flu, stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone.

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Ron Fujimoto, D.O., is a board-certified family physician. He is the medical director for HMSA’s Health Plan Hawaii and Care Management and is HMSA’s patient safety officer. Health Scene features information and advice from Hawaii health care professionals.