BERLIN >> Pressure mounted today on governments to ease the economic pain of coronavirus lockdowns after protests from those fearing for their livelihoods. Authorities responded with a range of possible dates and solutions — and a few emphatic “not yets.”

Shutdowns that began in China in late January and spread to Europe, the United States and elsewhere have disrupted economic, social, cultural and religious life across the globe and plunged the world into its most painful economic slump since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Tens of millions of workers have lost their jobs; millions more fear that they are next.

With the arc of infection different in every nation, proposals have differed for coping with the virus that has killed more than 160,000 lives over the past four months and for which there is still no vaccine. Countries such as Britain say it’s too soon to give definite lockdown easing dates.

But in Germany, which has managed to significantly slow the rate of new infections since mid-March, most small stores can reopen Monday. The head of an association representing German cities said many people would likely welcome the chance to shop in person again.

“But we’re not expecting a huge rush now,” Helmut Dedy told Germany’s dpa news agency. “The stores that are reopening will be just as accessible a week later.”

Spanish authorities said that children, after six weeks of confinement, will be allowed to leave their homes beginning April 27. Spain imposed one of the strictest lockdowns in Europe, helping drive down the daily increase in confirmed infections from more than 20% to 2% for a country whose 20,000 virus deaths are only surpassed by the United States and Italy.

Albania plans to let its mining and oil industries reopen Monday, along with hundreds of businesses including small retailers, food and fish factories, farmers and fishing boats.

The death toll in the U.S. is nearing 40,000 with more than 735,000 confirmed infections, and the global case count has passed 2.3 million, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University of national health reports. The actual extent of the pandemic is likely to be significantly higher due to mild infections that are missed, limited testing, problems counting the dead and some nations’ desires to underplay their outbreaks.

The International Monetary Fund expects the global economy to contract 3% this year — a far bigger loss than 2009′s 0.1% after the global financial crisis.

Still, many governments are resisting pressures to abruptly relax the coronavirus lockdowns.

“We must not let down our guard until the last confirmed patient is recovered,” South Korea’s President Moon Jae-in said Sunday.

The country, which was hit early on by the virus, announced that new infections fell Sunday to eight, from a peak of 909 on Feb. 29. But officials have warned that a “quiet spread” of the virus is possible as people relax social distancing.

British officials, who reported 888 new hospital deaths from the virus, said they’re not ready to ease lockdown measures. U.K. minister Michael Gove said Britain still needs to develop its testing and contact tracing program, beef up the National Health Service and make sure that infection and death rates have fallen.

“It’s only when we have all those measures in place that we can be confident about relaxing some of the measures,” Gove told the BBC on Sunday, adding that pubs and restaurants “will be among the last” to leave the lockdown, which is now in place until May 7.

“No decision has been made on when we will reopen schools,” British Education Secretary Gavin Williamson tweeted. “I can reassure schools and parents that they will only reopen when the scientific advice indicates it is the right time to do so.”

U.K. health experts fear that Britain, which has nearly 15,500 confirmed deaths so far, could eventually have the highest virus death toll in Europe.

France’s health agency urged the public to stick to social distancing measures that have been extended until at least May 11. “Don’t relax our efforts at the moment when confinement is bearing fruit,” the agency said.

In the U.S., supporters of President Donald Trump protested in several states Saturday, ignoring social distancing and stay-at-home orders to demand that governors end controls on public activity. They were goaded on by tweets from Trump, who called on several states with Democratic governors to “LIBERATE.”

Vice President Mike Pence today sidestepped questions about why Trump seemed to be encouraging efforts to undermine preventive measures he himself has promoted. “The American people know that no one in America wants to reopen this country more than President Donald Trump,” Pence said on “Fox News Sunday.”

Trump is pushing to relax the U.S. lockdown by May 1, a plan that hinges partly on more testing. Pence told NBC’s ”Meet the Press” that the country has “sufficient testing today” for states to begin reopening their economies as part of the initial phases of guidelines that the White House released last week. The Trump administration has blamed state leaders for delays. But Republican Gov. Mike DeWine of Ohio made a direct appeal to Washington, saying “we really need help … to take our capacity up” and he hoped regulators were watching his NBC interview.

Texas, Indiana and some other states have announced plans to allow some retailing and other activity to resume. Florida and South Carolina have reopened beaches, with some drawing noticeable crowds.

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who has criticized the federal response as inadequate, rejected pressure to reopen businesses. New York’s daily death toll fell below 550 on Saturday for the first time in two weeks, but Cuomo said hospitals are still reporting nearly 2,000 new patients a day.

“We are not at a point when we are going to be reopening anything immediately,” Cuomo said.

In Pakistan, Prime Minister Imran Khan’s government bowed to demands by religious leaders and agreed to keep mosques open during the Islamic fasting month of Ramadan. Pakistan has been blamed for contributing to the virus’s spread by refusing to stop a gathering of tens of thousands of religious missionaries. Nearly 2,000 confirmed cases have been traced to them.

In Singapore, McDonald’s suspended operations after seven employees tested positive for the coronavirus. The company said it will keep paying more than 10,000 employees in 135 outlets during the closure, due to last through May 4.