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Greece facing pressure to back deal or consider euro exit

ASSOCIATED PRESS
German Chancellor Angela Merkel, left, speaks with French President Francois Hollande, center, and Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras during a meeting of eurozone heads of state at the EU Council building in Brussels on Sunday, July 12, 2015. Skeptical European creditors raced Sunday to narrow differences both among themselves and with Athens, aiming to come up with a tentative agreement to stave off an immediate financial collapse in Greece that would reverberate across the continent. (AP Photo)

BRUSSELS >> Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras faced intense pressure Sunday to back an onerous package of austerity measures demanded by European creditors in return for a financial rescue that would prevent the collapse of the country’s banks and its potential exit from the euro.

If not, then some of Greece’s eurozone partners raised the specter of a temporary Greek exit from Europe’s single currency, which Greece has been a member of since 2002.

It’s unclear what a temporary exit from the eurozone would entail. No country has ever left the joint currency, and there is no mechanism in place for one to do so.

The Greek government is keen to avoid that fate and has indicated its preference to sign a deal at Sunday’s emergency summit of the 19 leaders of the eurozone despite what it considers to be extremely harsh conditions.

The leaders, who have been in closed-door talks since 5 p.m. (5 a.m. Hawaii time; 11 a.m. EDT), have vowed to keep talking until something concrete can emerge. They were presented with a set of proposals from the eurozone’s top official, Jeroen Dijsselbloem, who said the sides have "come a long way" after two days of talks among finance ministers.

The final effort on "some big issues," would be left to the leaders, Dijsselbloem said.

A Greek government official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the ongoing talks, said European Central Bank President Mario Draghi has warned eurozone finance ministers that Greek banks are at risk and that the need for a deal is pressing.

Without the prospect of a deal, the ECB won’t be able to increase emergency liquidity assistance to Greek banks. It has frozen its help over the past couple of weeks as the banks have stayed closed. The fear is that by Monday the banks may have exhausted all their cash reserves, which could spark financial chaos.

Greece has asked Europe’s bailout fund for a three-year $59.5 billion financial package but many officials in Brussels say the figure will have to be much higher and insist on tough Greek austerity measures. This would be Greece’s third bailout in five years.

Greece desperately needs help to avoid a financial collapse. The economy is in freefall and the country faces big debt repayments in the coming weeks. Greek banks have been shuttered for the best part of two weeks and daily withdrawals from ATMs have been limited to a paltry $67. The banks, according to some accounts, have barely enough cash to last through the week.

The broad outlines of a deal appeared to consist of a long series commitments from Tsipras to push through much of a drastic austerity program within days, while the 18 other eurozone leaders would commit to start talks on a new bailout program.

In a four-page draft proposal put to eurozone leaders and obtained by The Associated Press, language up for discussion spoke of a potential "time-out from the euro area" for Greece if no agreement could be found.

It highlighted the increasing frustration with Greece during five months of fruitless talks. On Sunday, doubts on the Greek government’s commitment to implement tough measures continued.

"The most important currency has been lost: that is trust and reliability," said German Chancellor Angela Merkel, reflecting on five months of tortuous negotiations with Athens.

In the draft document, Greece committed itself to pushing a first set of measures through parliament by Wednesday. Despite the stinging conditions on pension, market and privatization reforms, Tsipras insisted his government was ready to clinch a deal.

"We owe that to the peoples of Europe who want Europe united and not divided," he said. "We can reach an agreement tonight if all parties want it."

Merkel, however, insisted that Germany would not sway from its stance that Greece needs to do much more to get any help just to save its position in the 19-nation eurozone.

"There will not be an agreement at all costs," she said, coming into Sunday’s summit meeting. "Nerves are tense."

Highlighting the differences within the creditors’ camp, French President Francois Hollande insisted it was vital to keep Greece in the currency club and avoid a so-called "Grexit."

If Greece had to leave the euro currency "it’s Europe that would go backward," Hollande said. "And that I do not want."

France is considered Greece’s closest ally and even helped Tsipras prepare the reform proposals that were a minimum requirement for getting fresh talks.

Finnish Finance Minister Alexander Stubb, one of Greece’s most outspoken critics, said a package of proposals sent to the leaders involved three key elements, including the Greek parliament’s passing of a series of unspecified laws by Wednesday.

If these conditions are met, then talks with Europe’s bailout fund can proceed, Stubb said.

"We have surely taken a good leap forward," Stubb said.

The eurozone ministers have to give their blessing to Greece’s bailout request to the European Stability Mechanism. Traditionally, eurozone ministers agree by mutual consensus, though in exceptional circumstances a unanimous vote may not be needed.

Greece has received two previous bailouts totaling $268 billion in return for deep spending cuts, tax increases and reforms from successive governments. Although the country’s annual budget deficit has come down dramatically, Greece’s debt burden has increased as the economy has shrunk by a quarter.

The Greek government has made getting some form of debt relief a priority and hopes that a comprehensive solution will involve European creditors at least agreeing to delayed repayments or lower interest rates.

Greek debt stands at around $357 billion — a staggering 180 percent or so of the country’s annual GDP. Few economists think that debt will ever fully repaid. Last week, the International Monetary Fund said a restructuring of debt was necessary for Greece.

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Pan Pylas and John-Thor Dahlburg in Brussels contributed to this story.

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